Overview
Eczema is a long-term skin condition in which the skin barrier holds moisture poorly and reacts strongly to irritants. It typically appears in the folds of the elbows and knees, on the hands, or on the face in children.
It runs in flares. Day-to-day management is mostly about protecting the barrier and identifying what sets off a flare for you.
Symptoms people notice
- Dry, rough, scaly patches
- Intense itching, often worse at night
- Redness or darkening of affected skin
- Thickened skin where scratching has been repeated
- Occasional oozing or crusting during a flare
Causes and risk factors
- An inherited tendency to a weaker skin barrier
- Soaps, detergents and prolonged water contact
- Dry or cold weather
- Dust, pollen and some fabrics
- Stress and sweating
When to seek help
Do not wait on these
- Signs of infection — pus, warmth, spreading redness or fever
- Sleep disturbed by itching
- Patches that keep spreading despite regular moisturising
- Eczema on the eyelids or around the eyes
- A flare that does not settle within two weeks
Lifestyle and daily guidance
- 1Moisturise within three minutes of bathing, while skin is still damp
- 2Use lukewarm — not hot — water and a mild, fragrance-free cleanser
- 3Choose cotton over wool and synthetics next to the skin
- 4Keep nails short to limit damage from scratching
- 5Note what precedes a flare; patterns become clear within a month
Frequently asked questions
No. It cannot pass from person to person by contact. It reflects how an individual's skin barrier and immune system behave.
Many children see it improve considerably as they grow, though the skin may remain dry and sensitive. Consistent moisturising helps at every age.
Disclaimer: The information on this website is for general education only and is not a diagnosis, prescription or a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified practitioner about your individual health concern.